Economic Week in Review - February 15, 2008

Trade deficit shrinks, retail sales up
Economic news has been gloomy lately, but this week there were some encouraging signs. Reports showed better-than-expected retail sales and a reduced U.S. trade deficit. Still, in Senate testimony, the Federal Reserve chairman described the economy as "sluggish," and he also left the door open to additional cuts in the federal funds rate. On Wednesday, President George W. Bush signed into law a $168 billion package aimed at stimulating the economy through tax rebates. For the week, the S&P 500 Index rose 1.4% to 1,350 (for a year-to-date total return of –7.8%). The yield of the 10-year U.S. Treasury note rose 12 basis points to 3.76%.

U.S. trade deficit improves
The U.S. trade deficit narrowed 7.0%, to $58.8 billion, in December (from $63.1 billion in November). Analysts had expected a trade deficit of $61.6 billion. Exports rose by $2.2 billion, while imports declined by the same amount. The weakness of the dollar relative to other currencies was credited with helping to cut the trade deficit. For the year, the trade deficit declined by $46.9 billion, or 6.0%.

Retail sales rebound
Retail sales climbed 0.3% in January, recovering from a 0.4% drop in December. Analysts had expected a 0.3% decline. Gas stations had the strongest growth, with sales up 2.0%. Sales of automobiles and parts were up 0.6%. Excluding gasoline and autos, however, sales were unchanged.

Stimulus package enacted, rebates to come
President Bush signed an economic stimulus package that provides tax rebates to millions of households. Many single filers will receive $600, while many married couples will get $1,200. The rebate amounts, however, begin to phase out for individuals with incomes over $75,000 and for married couples with incomes over $150,000. The IRS will start mailing rebate checks in May.

Fed chairman: Further rate cuts possible
In testimony to the Senate Banking Committee on Thursday, Federal Reserve Chairman Ben S. Bernanke said, "Downside risks to growth remain, including the possibilities that the housing market or labor market may deteriorate to an extent beyond that currently anticipated." The Fed is open to further reductions in the federal funds rate "as needed to support growth," he said. Mr. Bernanke also said he expects "a somewhat stronger pace of growth starting later this year" as the effects of the stimulus package and Fed rate cuts take hold. Since September, the Fed has reduced the federal funds rate, which greatly influences the cost of borrowing for consumers and businesses, by 2.25 percentage points.

Business inventories head higher
December's business inventories grew 0.6%, boosted by increases in the manufacturing and wholesale sectors. Retail inventories nudged down 0.1%, fueled by a 1.6% slide in auto inventories. Excluding autos, retail inventories were up 0.7%.

Industrial production ekes out a gain
Industrial production in January inched up 0.1%. Manufacturing sector output was unchanged, while utility output climbed 2.2%. Capacity utilization in the industrial sector was 81.5% compared with the historical average of 81.0%.

The economic week ahead
Next week's reports will include a reading on the outlook for the economy with the release Thursday of The Conference Board's index of leading economic indicators. Also due are the latest reading on the Consumer Price Index (Wednesday), a report on new residential construction (Wednesday), and the minutes from the January meeting of the Federal Open Markets Committee (Wednesday).

Economic Week in Review - September 14, 2007

Wall Street looks ahead to Fed meeting
Investors sifted through economic data points with a fine-tooth comb this week, seeking indications of whether the Federal Reserve Board will change the federal funds rate when it meets on September 18. In all, the reports were mixed. Retail sales and industrial production increased, but so did business inventories. The U.S. trade gap narrowed, but Americans are now borrowing more heavily with their credit cards. In other economic news, the price for oil moved above $80 per barrel for the first time, and the dollar weakened against other major currencies. For the week, the S&P 500 Index was up 2.1% to 1,484 (for a year-to-date total return of 6.0%). The yield of the 10-year U.S. Treasury note rose 9 basis points to 4.46%.

Credit card usage increased
Consumer credit grew at a slower-than-expected annual rate of 3.7% in July. The credit figure, released by the Federal Reserve Board, comprises two categories: revolving credit (namely, credit cards) and nonrevolving credit (such as auto or student loans). July's consumer credit marked a slowdown in nonrevolving credit, reflecting poor auto sales in June and July. The use of revolving credit increased, suggesting that consumers are borrowing more with their credit cards now that other sources of credit (such as home equity loans) are less readily available.

U.S. trade balance narrowed
The U.S. trade deficit fell 0.3% in July to $59.2 billion—the second decline in as many months. Imports and exports both increased in July, but exports increased at a higher rate, thanks to record levels of U.S. shipments of food, autos, and other categories. The dollar increase in imports was fueled by steeper prices for oil. The average price per barrel of crude oil in July was the highest since August 2006, and the second-highest on record. The $23.8 billion deficit with China—the second-highest on record—accounted for 40% of the total U.S. trade deficit.

Autos pushed retail sales higher
Retail sales in August increased 0.3% from July and 3.7% from August 2006. Excluding the automotive category, which surged 2.8%, retail sales were down 0.4% in August. Gasoline stations, building supply stores, and nonstore retailers (such as online and catalog vendors) posted the steepest sales declines for the month.

Business inventories increased
Total business inventories increased 0.5% in July from the previous month and 3.5% from the year-ago level. Retail inventories rose 1.0%, while wholesale and manufacturer inventories each increased 0.2%. Overall business sales increased 1.1% in July, driven by strong sales (2.6%) at the manufacturing level.

Electric utilities drove production higher
A jump in production at electric utility plants pushed overall industrial production higher in August. Industrial output increased a lower-than-expected 0.2% for the month as activity in the manufacturing and mining sectors each declined less than 1%. But a 5.3% increase in utilities (6.3% at electric utilities) kept production in positive territory.

The economic week ahead
Market observers will pay close attention to Tuesday's meeting of the Federal Reserve Board's Open Market Committee (FOMC), when Chairman Ben Bernanke and his colleagues will determine whether to raise, lower, or hold steady the federal funds rate. Following a turbulent period in the markets, falling employment, and ongoing concern about the housing sector, some Fed-watchers expect the FOMC to make the first rate cut in more than a year. In addition, two reports on inflation will be issued: the producer price index on Tuesday, and the consumer price index on Wednesday. Other scheduled releases include new residential construction (Wednesday) and an index of leading economic indicators (Thursday).

by: Cheryl Anderson
949-212-2903
http://www.stewartoc.com/